It became instantly successful after its release; in the United States, it is widely read in high schools and middle schools. To Kill a Mockingbird won the Pulitzer Prize a year after its release, and it has become a classic of modern American literature. The plot and characters are loosely based on Lee's observations of her family, her neighbors and an event that occurred near her hometown of Monroeville, Alabama , in , when she was ten.
Despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality , the novel is renowned for its warmth and humor. Atticus Finch , the narrator's father, has served as a moral hero for many readers and as a model of integrity for lawyers.
The historian Joseph Crespino explains, "In the twentieth century, To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America, and its main character, Atticus Finch, the most enduring fictional image of racial heroism. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the Deep South.
Lessons from the book emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. In , British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one "every adult should read before they die". Reaction to the novel varied widely upon publication. Despite the number of copies sold and its widespread use in education, literary analysis of it is sparse. Author Mary McDonough Murphy, who collected individual impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird by several authors and public figures, calls the book "an astonishing phenomenon".
Since , a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lee's hometown. Lee continued to respond to her work's impact until her death in February She was very guarded about her personal life, and gave her last interview to a journalist in Born in , Harper Lee grew up in the Southern town of Monroeville, Alabama, where she became a close friend of soon-to-be-famous writer Truman Capote.
