Population Health Metrics volume 14 , Article number: 45 Cite this article. Metrics details. Type 2 diabetes mellitus T2DM incidence is traditionally derived from cohort studies that are not always feasible, representative, or available.
T2DM prevalence by five-year age group from five population-based risk factor surveys conducted over โ were variously adjusted for urban-rural residency, ethnicity, and sex to previous censuses , , , to improve representativeness. Prevalence estimates were then used to calculate T2DM incidence based on birth cohorts from the age-period Lexis matrix following the Styblo technique, first used to estimate annual risk of tuberculosis infection incidence from sequential Mantoux population surveys.
T2DM prevalence and annual incidence increased in Fiji over โ Prevalence was higher in Indians and men than i-Taukei and women. Incidence was higher in Indians and women. From regression analyses, absolute reductions of 2. This is the first application of the Styblo technique to calculate T2DM incidence from population-based prevalence surveys over time.
Peer Review reports. As incidence is a measure of new cases of disease occurring in a given time, it is preferable to using prevalence for analyzing risk factors and causality, and for projections. Incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus T2DM is normally derived from cohort studies based on population samples, such as in Mauritius [ 1 ].
However, there may be limitations of the generalizability of incidence data to the rest of population from such cohort studies if they are not representative; and Hawthorne effects [ 2 ] might occur for some risk factor variables from repeated follow-up of the same subjects. Incidence of T2DM has also been calculated by self-report of new doctor-diagnosed T2DM in a defined retrospective period such as 12 months from cross-sectional surveys [ 3 ], as in the and United States National Health Interview Surveys.
